什么是真正的好画？如何鉴别高仿字画

What is a really good painting? How to Identify High Imitation Characters and Paintings

什么是真正的好画？以什么标准来判定？是依靠贴在画上的价格标签来估计，还是通过拍卖行里此起彼伏的竞价声来衡量，抑或是画家的名气和身份能够代表一幅画的价值？显然，上述条件并不能完全与艺术价值画上等号，也就是说，不能成为论断“好画”的绝对标准。不过，吊诡的是，现实中，诸如此类的附加因素正在成为 “好画”的标准，“价格”、“身份”正在演变为“价值”。

What is a really good painting? By what criteria? Does it depend on the price tags attached to the paintings, or does it depend on the fluctuating bidding voices in the auction houses, or does the reputation and identity of the painter represent the value of a painting? Obviously, the above conditions can not be completely equated with the artistic value, that is to say, can not become the absolute standard of judging "good painting". However, the paradox is that in reality, such additional factors are becoming the standard of "good painting", "price" and "identity" are evolving into "value".

今天走红的艺术家，很难说将来如何，也许其中有的人走红，有的今天不引起关注却在将来走红，依每位艺术家的具体情况不同而定，而成就一幅好画并成为一名优秀的画家需要具备四个方面的条件。

Today's popular artists, it is difficult to say what the future will be. Maybe some of them will become popular, some of them will become popular in the future without arousing concern today, depending on the specific circumstances of each artist. To become a good painter, it is necessary to have four conditions.

首先要具有极其鲜明的风格。比如吴冠中先生，有的人可能觉得他有的画作画时间太快，不过，他的风格决定了他载入中国艺术史，至少是20世纪的中国艺术史。他创造了一种点线面相结合的、自古以来从未有过的画风。一位画家想在艺术史上留下自己的名字，第一就要靠风格。风格就是人，就是用自己的声音在绘画的舞台上说话，而不是学着别人的腔调，拿着别人的语言来阐释自己的理解。因此，具有极其鲜明的风格是最核心的要素。

First of all, we should have a very distinct style. For example, Mr. Wu Guanzhong, some people may think that some of his paintings took too long, but his style decided that he was included in the history of Chinese art, at least in the 20th century. He created a painting style that combines points, lines and surfaces, which has never existed since ancient times. If a painter wants to leave his name in the history of art, the first thing is his style. Style is a person who speaks with his own voice on the stage of painting, instead of learning other people's tone and interpreting his own understanding with other people's language. Therefore, the most important element is to have a very distinct style.

其次，必须具有一定的作画难度。举个例子，著名的‘杜尚的小便池’，它可以载入西方美术史，是因为杜尚是观念艺术的第一位探索者，但是，第二个人再要重复就没有任何价值了。比如把一个席梦思床垫送到美术馆去，美术馆肯定不会收。而‘杜尚的小便池’，美术馆不但收了，而且作为重要的展品。中国绘画与西方绘画，特别是与西方现代派艺术非常不同的地方就在于，我们极为注重技巧的难度。远的且不说，仅在20世纪，中国众多大师级画家，如徐悲鸿、齐白石、吴昌硕、李可染、傅抱石、潘天寿等人，每一位都有自己在作画方面独特的难度。比如潘天寿，他的几笔看似简单，后人却很少有人能够做到。他一笔画出石头轮廓的功力，令其他作画者望而却步，绝大多数人都知难而退，很难企及他的高度。 ”中国传统绘画的大家，只要能够列举出来的，其技巧和作品无一不具有高难度。

Secondly, it must be difficult to draw. For example, the famous "Duchamp's urinal" can be recorded in the history of Western art because Duchamp is the first explorer of conceptual art, but the second person has no value to repeat. For example, if you send a Simmons mattress to an art gallery, the gallery will definitely not accept it. And Duchamp's urinal is not only accepted by the gallery, but also an important exhibit. The difference between Chinese painting and Western painting, especially with Western modernist art, is that we attach great importance to the difficulty of skills. In the 20th century alone, many Chinese master painters, such as Xu Beihong, Qi Baishi, Wu Changshuo, Li Keran, Fu Baoshi and Pan Tianshou, have their own unique difficulties in painting. For example, Pan Tianshou, his pens seem simple, but few of his descendants can do it. His ability to draw stone outlines with one stroke has deterred other painters. Most of them are afraid to retreat, and it is difficult to reach his height. As long as we can enumerate the skills and works of Chinese traditional paintings, they are all very difficult.

第三，能够留存下来的画作，必须要既可抒发主观情怀，又不失基本的真实。 这里所说的“真实”，指的是对物体把握的基本的真实。 一、不管是变形也好，夸张也好，画的是鸡和兔子，就不能离开鸡和兔子的基本面貌，不能说画完以后别人根本看不出来是什么。二、画家必须具备一定的塑造空间的造型能力。

Thirdly, paintings that can survive must express both subjective feelings and basic truthfulness. The term "truth" here refers to the basic truth of grasping objects. First, whether it is deformation or exaggeration, drawing chickens and rabbits, we can not leave the basic appearance of chickens and rabbits, can not say what others can not see after the painting. Second, a painter must have certain ability to shape space.

上述三个方面缺一不可，如果只强调独特的风格，而不具备难度和真实，那只要身上涂满颜料，然后找块布打个滚儿，画出来的东西也可以说有很独特的风格。但是，这种作品不具备难度，也谈不上真实，所以，不能称之为优秀。

These three aspects are indispensable. If we only emphasize the unique style, but not the difficulty and reality, as long as the body is covered with paint, and then find a piece of cloth to roll around, the painted things can also be said to have a unique style. However, this kind of work is neither difficult nor true, so it can not be called excellent.